A: the positive statement:
i) S V C
e.g. John was ill.
ii) S AUX V DO
e.g. Joan has lost her ball.
iii) S AUX V IO DO
e.g. Bill is giving his friend a computer
B: the negative statement:
i) S V C
e.g. John was not ill
/ John wasn't ill.
ii) S AUX V DO
e.g. Eric has not lost his bicycle
/Eric hasn't lost his bicycle.
iii) S AUX V IO DO
e.g. Joan is not giving her mother a present
/Joan isn't giving her mother a present.
C: the positive question: verb reversal type
i) AUX S V
e.g. Are you going fishing?
ii) AUX S V DO
e.g. Have you seen my book?
iii) AUX S V IO DO
e.g. Has my father given his friend some books?
D: the positive question: question word type
i) QW V S
e.g. What is your name?
ii) QW C V S
e.g. How big is your house?
iii) QW AUX S V IO DO
e.g. Why is Bill giving his friend some money?
E: the negative question: verb reversal type
i) AUX S V C
e.g. Is Mary not coming with us?
Isn't Mary coming with us?
ii) AUX S V DO
e.g. Have you not visited London?
/Haven't you visited London?
iii) AUX S V IO DO
e.g. Have you not brought me a French dictionary?
/Haven't you brought me a French dictionary?
F: the negative question: question word type
i) QW AUX S V C
e.g. Why has he not come yet?
Why hasn't he come yet?
ii) QW AUX S V DO
e.g. Why is he not teaching his class?
Why isn't he teaching his class?
iii) QW AUX S V IO DO
e.g. Why have you not brought me a cup of tea?
Why haven't you brought me a cup of tea?